Waste management or waste disposal are necessary activities, arrangements and measures that include the beginning of waste collection to its final disposal. These arrangements may include processes such as waste collection, transportation, waste treatment and disposal, taking into account the monitoring and regulation of waste management, waste-related laws and restrictions, technologies and related economic mechanisms.
Waste can be solid, liquid or gaseous, and each type of waste requires a unique method of disposal and management. The waste management process deals with a variety of wastes including industrial, biological, household, municipal, organic, medical and radioactive waste.
In many cases, waste can endanger human health and pose irreversible dangers to the environment. In all processes related to waste management, it is necessary to consider health restrictions and Zirsakht Tadbir Arian (ZETA) Company will undertake all stages of waste management using the best equipment in the world and observing all health points and will minimize the risks to the environment. . Health issues can also arise directly or indirectly. Directly, through the handling of the said wastes and direct contact with them, and indirectly through the consumption of water, soil and food that has been in any way in contact with the landfill. In general, the waste management process aims to reduce the damage that waste disposal causes to human health, the environment, mineral resources and the aesthetics of the environment.
The waste disposal hierarchy can be broadly divided into three stages. These three steps include reducing the amount of waste collected, reusing it, and recycling it. Different companies typically define waste management as the process of minimizing the amount of waste collected based on their suitability for reuse or recycling. The purpose of waste management is to extract the maximum practical resources from products and produce the minimum amount of final waste. In the next step, it is necessary to find alternative uses for the generated waste, or in other words, to reuse them. The final item includes waste recycling and composting. The next step will be the recovery of materials and the conversion of waste into energy, about which we have already given detailed explanations. The final step is to dispose of the waste by incineration without energy recovery or by disposing in a landfill. This last step is actually the last resort to get rid of the waste that we have not been able to prevent from producing or we have not been able to recover anything from it.
It is then necessary to sort the collected waste or apply the separation operation on it. Separating wet and dry wastes is considered an important and effective step to reduce the intensity of leachate produced. In addition to preventing the production of large amounts of leachate, by separating the waste, dry waste can be used for recycling and wet waste can be used for composting. By applying the waste separation and sorting step, we can help reduce leachate production, reduce pollution to the environment and reduce the amount of waste that is to be buried. It should be noted that waste segregation should be based on the type of waste and the most appropriate treatment and disposal operations, and ZETA Company selects the best methods for the process of sorting, separation and preparation based on the type of operational waste. Disposal of sorted waste will also be easier and cheaper because it will not cost as much to sort as wet and dry mixed waste. In addition to all of the above, legal obligations, cost savings, and the protection of human health and the environment are among the other reasons why waste management is so important.
Waste disposal methods are various. In the following, we will give a brief introduction of some of them and in the relevant section, detailed explanations related to each case will be given.
A landfill is a place for dumping waste underground. This method is one of the oldest methods of waste disposal.
Combustion and incineration of waste is one of the methods of waste disposal in which organic waste is incinerated to become gaseous products. This method will be useful for disposing of municipal solid waste and residues from wastewater treatment. This process can reduce the volume of solid waste by 80 to 95%. Incineration and other high temperature waste treatment systems are sometimes described as heat treatment. Waste incinerators convert waste into heat, gas, steam and ash.
Waste recycling is a resource recovery method that involves the collection and reuse of waste such as empty beverage containers and others. This process involves the decomposition and reuse of materials that would otherwise be disposed of as absolute garbage. The benefits of recycling are numerous, and with new technologies that allow us to recycle more materials, we can help keep the planet clean. Recycling is not only good for the environment but also has a positive effect on the economy. Materials that have already been produced and then used are used to make new products, so this method can be considered a very suitable method.
Recovery of energy from waste is the conversion of non-recyclable waste into heat, electricity or fuel that can be used through various processes such as combustion, gas supply, pyrolysis, anaerobic digestion and recovery of gas from landfill. Energy recovery is part of the non-hazardous waste management hierarchy. By using energy recovery to convert non-recyclable waste into electricity and heat, this heat generation method can be considered as a renewable method for energy production and on the other hand it can reduce carbon emissions by compensating for energy needs from fossil sources and reducing methane production from landfills. Globally, energy production from waste accounts for about 16% of all waste management processes. This section will be explained in detail later.
Another problem that we will face in the waste disposal process is the production of leachate from waste, especially liquid and wet waste. Leachate is any type of liquid that passes through the waste and in the meantime can extract and dissolve the available soluble or suspended solids. In the environmental sciences, leachate is considered a liquid that may have absorbed toxic and dangerous substances and then enter them into the environment with it. In the section related to leachate management services, this issue will be discussed in detail, but in general, it is interesting to note that Zirsakht Tadbir Arian (ZETA) Company, with the help of top experts in the field of waste management, can choose the most appropriate way to treat or manage various waste leachates using the best, most efficient and safest treatment methods and equipment in the world. With the help of modern membrane technologies, the company performs waste management with the highest efficiency.
Zirsakht Tadbir Arian Company with the help of the best equipment in the world and with the help of the top experts in the field of waste management will undertake all stages of waste management. These stages include projects to convert waste into energy with the help of biological digestion and gas production for power plant fuel, furnaces, direct combustion for boilers, and power generation. The company will then take all the steps of preparation, sorting, and grinding to the final management of the ash (in the oven or direct incineration) or the management of biological sludge (digestion ). Leachate produced from wet waste is also managed by this company.
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